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These four 3/4 grooved axes were collected from the White Cloud, Kansas area by antiquarian Mark E. Zimmerman (1866-1933), who donated them to the Highland Mission (now called the Iowa Sac and Fox Mission). Traces of the collector's marks (yellow paint) and labeling are faintly visible on some of the axes. While 3/4 grooved axes are frequently recovered from late Archaic sites, they are also found from other time periods. Axes like these are made by pecking a hard stone into a rough shape and then grinding and polishing it into its final state. They get their name from the hafting groove the encircles 3/4 of the axe's body. It is unknown if these four axes were found near each other, but they all are quite similar in size, ranging from 12.8cm - 11.2cm in length, 7.7cm - 6.6cm in width, and 4.5cm - 3.6cm thick.
Date: 7000 BCE-1 CE
Item Number: 312744
Call Number: 1980.F.95, 1980.F.100, 1980.F.105, 1980.F.224
KSHS Identifier: DaRT ID: 312744
Collections - Archeology
Date - 11,500 BCE - 1 CE - 7000 BCE - 1 CE
Objects and Artifacts - Archeological Artifacts
Objects and Artifacts - Archeological Artifacts - Artifact Class - Ground Stone
Objects and Artifacts - Archeological Artifacts - Artifact Type - Grooved Axe
People - American Indians
People - American Indians - Prehistoric Cultures
Places - Cities and towns - White Cloud
Places - Counties - Doniphan
Places - Historic sites - Iowa and Sac & Fox Mission
Thematic Time Period - Early Peoples, 10000 BCE - 1820 CE
Thematic Time Period - Early Peoples, 10000 BCE - 1820 CE - Archaic, 7000 BCE - 1 CE
http://www.kansasmemory.org/item/312744