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Objects and Artifacts - Personal Artifacts - Clothing - Clothing, Headwear - Cap - Uniform - (Military)
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French garrison cap
Date: between 1914 and 1918
Horizon blue garrison cap with gold cord trim. The French army wore caps like this during World War I. When the war began, the French wore uniforms comprised of bright red pants and dark blue coats. Because the uniforms were highly visible on the battlefield, the army switched to horizon blue. Its creators thought the color would make soldiers less visible against the skyline or horizon. The "13" on the cap indicates that the wearer was a member of the 13th Army Corps, part of the First Army of France. James C. Hughes of Topeka, Kansas, acquired the cap while serving in France in 1918. Born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1888, Hughes served in the Mexican Border Conflict, World War I, and World War II.
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Garrison cap
Date: Unknown date
Khaki-colored cotton garrison cap. Col. James C. Hughes wore this cap while serving in the United States Army during World War II. Born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1888, Hughes served in the Mexican Border Conflict, World War I, and World War II. During the latter conflict, he commanded a Philippine regiment (Filipino soldiers led by American officers), which surrendered in 1942 on the Bataan peninsula. Hughes spent the next 41 months in various Japanese P.O.W. camps. He was liberated by Russian forces at Camp Hoten, Manchuria, in 1945. Hughes died in 1964 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
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Handmade cap
Date: 1945
Blue flannel cap with two buttons sewn to the front. Colonel James C. Hughes made the cap in 1945 while being held as a prisoner of war in Cheng Chia Tun Camp, Manchuria. In an attempt to find some relief from the cold Manchurian weather, Hughes made the cap from the lining of a storage bag and used the pattern for a British Royal Air Force cap. Born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1888, Hughes served in the Mexican Border Conflict, World War I, and World War II. In 1942, he was captured by the Japanese on the Bataan peninsula and spent the next 41 months in various Japanese P.O.W. camps. He was liberated by Russian forces at Camp Hoten, Manchuria, in 1945. Hughes died in 1964 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
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Uniform cap
Date: 1906
Kansas National Guard uniform cap. This cap belonged to James C. Hughes. Born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1888, Hughes joined the Kansas National Guard as a trumpeter in 1905. He wore this uniform in 1906. It was the beginning of a lifelong military career. Hughes served in the Mexican Border Conflict, World War I, and World War II. In 1942, he was captured by the Japanese on the Bataan peninsula and spent the next 41 months in various Japanese POW camps. He was liberated by Russian forces at Camp Hoten, Manchuria, in 1945. Colonel Hughes died in 1964 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
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