.54 Caliber Bullets from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
Shown are three of the many bullets recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. All of the artifacts are .54 caliber lead bullets. The one of the far left was manufactured by Sharps and has three grease rings. The other two bullets both have concave or hollow bases. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Adjutant General's report, Kansas Colored Volunteers correspondence
Creator: United States. Adjutant General's Office
Date: 1863-1864
This bound letter book contains copies of letters sent and received by the Adjutant General's Office in Fort Scott, Kansas. They were assigned to recruit a regiment of colored soldiers. Letters were received from the War Department in Washington, D.C. and from the Office of the Governor in Kansas. The letters focus on the recruitment and commissioning of troops and officers for the Kansas Colored Volunteer's regiments. Many of the letters were written by or sent to General James G. Blunt. It appears the book was kept by Major T. J. Anderson, Assistant Adjutant General. Names of many individuals appear in the volume.

Ammunition from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This ammunition was recovered from the Mine Creek Battlefield site in Linn County during a survey and excavation in 1990 by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. On October 25, 1864, Union and Confederate forces met at the site and fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. Shown here are three different types of ammunition. The larger round ball is grapeshot and was fired along with a number of similar sized balls from a cannon. The shorter round nosed one is a .70 caliber bullet with a concave or hollow base. The longer one is a Sharps .45 caliber bullet.

Appointments Commissioners of deeds
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1863 - 1864
This folder on Appointments Commissioners of deeds comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. This file contains several letters from individuals of different states such as, New York, Massachusetts, California, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania requesting to either be appointed as Commissioner of deeds for the state of Kansas, recommending someone else for the appointment, or someone that resides within their city and county of said state. This is important because during the nineteenth-century Commissioner of deeds was vital in assisting with the acknowledgment of property located in a particular state. Furthermore, the Commissioner of deeds is unique to the United States. As of today, there are only four states in which still have a Commissioner of deeds, Kansas is not included.

Appointments Justices of the peace
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1863 - 1864
This folder on Appointments Justice of the peace comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. This record includes two written bonds and oaths of office for the appointments of Justice of Peace of Marysville, Marshall County in April of 1863, for John Laclure and William Hess. A letter from S. M. Strickler of Junction City relating to the organization of Clay county on April 7, 1863. The letter discusses Clay county's attempt at an election and requests that D. H. Myers and D. W. Shepperd be appointed as Justices of Peace. The following letters also pertain to filling the appointments of Justice of the peace for the following counties: Brown, Douglas, Nemaha, Shawnee, Riley, Johnson, Bourbon, Coffey, Atchison, Davis, Ottawa, Franklin, Jackson, Allen, and Leavenworth between 1863 to 1864. This is important because Justice of the peace are appointed or elected by citizens of the area in which they serve in and at the time it was not required for them to have any formal legal education to qualify.

Appointments Military
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1863 - 1864
This folder on Appointments military comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. The first letter is from Reverend O. B. Gardner on February 23, 1863, accepting the appointment as Chaplain of the 9th kV. A letter recommending an individual for Quartermaster general. A letter to R. C. Anderson on March 10, 1863, from Reynard at Camp Henning, Fort Scott, relating to conflicts between Governor Carney and General Blunt along with other gossips. The following documents also pertain to recommendations of certain individuals or the individuals themselves for specific positions within the army, requests for promotions, and inquiries of positions available within the army.

Appointments Miscellaneous [sic]
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1863 - 1864
These letters, spanning 1863 to 1864, are from government officials and other individuals to Kansas Governor Thomas Carney regarding appointments to government offices. The correspondents wrote asking Carney for an appointment to government positions including Probate Judge, Judicial District Judge, director of the State Penitentiary, immigration agent, and any available positions. There are some signed petitions among the letters for the appointment of individuals.

Appointments Normal school directors
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1864
This folder on Appointments Normal school directors comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. These are documents written to Governor Carney in 1864 requesting the appointment of certain individuals to be members of the Board of Directors for the Normal School. In 1863, the legislature created the first public university, Kansas State Normal School in Emporia, Kansas.

Appointments Notaries public
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1863 - 1864
This folder on Appointments notaries public comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. This record includes letters to the governor from multiple counties in Kansas, requesting certain individuals for the appointment of Notaries public in their said county between March 4th, 1863 and July 14th, 1864.

Appointments State geologist
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1864
This folder on Appointments State Geologist comes from the Correspondence series of the Governor Thomas Carney Papers. Thomas Carney was Kansas' second state Governor, serving from 1863 to 1865. He was born near Tipton, Delaware County, Ohio in 1824 and came to Kansas in search of better health care and new business opportunities. Thomas Carney and his business partner Thomas C. Stevens were the first to open a wholesale house in Leavenworth, Kansas. First is a letter from W. Foster requesting that his name be sent to the senate as state geologist. This record also contains several petitions recommending Professor W. Foster or B. F. Mudge as State Geologist. Additionally, there is a letter from Professor W. Foster withdrawing his name for State Geologist and encloses a petition for Professor Mudge, February 2nd, 1864 to be appointed this position.

Appointments University regents
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1864
These letters, spanning 1864, are from the members of the State University Board of Regents to Kansas Governor Thomas Carney regarding their acceptance to regents. C. Robinson, S. Thatcher, and A. Horton wrote accepting their appointment to regents.

Axe Head from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This axe head was recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. There are many variations on axe heads styles, this one is similar to a cabin or New England axe. The butt end has been used as a hammer or an anvil. This axe was cleaned by electrolysis which passes an electrical current through a liquid solution to separate the rust from the artifact. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Battle of the Marais Des Cygnes or Osage or Mine Creek
Creator: Scott, William Forse
Date: October 25, 1864
This is a map showing the Battle of Marais Des Cygnes or Osage or Mine Creek. The map was copied from The Story of a Cavalry Regiment, The Career of the Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, from Kansas to Georgia, 1861-1865.

Bonds, State and territorial
Creator: Kansas. Governor (1863-1865 : Carney)
Date: 1864
These letters, spanning 1863 to 1864, are from government officials and other individuals to Kansas Governor Thomas Carney regarding territorial and state bonds. The correspondents wrote providing reports, requesting information, and proposing negotiations.

Brass Trigger Guard from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
This brass trigger guard surrounded the trigger and protected it from accidental discharge. It was recovered during the 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. The site was the location where on October 25, 1864 Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War.

Brigadier General Alfred Sully to Assistant Adjutant General Department Northwest, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Creator: Sully, Alfred
Date: December 30, 1864
This is a letter from Brigadier General Alfred Sully, Dubuque, Iowa, to Assistant Adjutant General Department Northwest, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, concerning Fanny Kelly who was a captive of the Huck-pa-pa Sioux. The letter contains details of her capture and negotiations for her release. Also, Brigadier General Sully requested reimbursement for clothing purchased for Mrs. Kelly and horses offered to the Sioux.

Bullets and Balls from the Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield, 14LN337
Date: 1864
These six different types of ammunition were recovered during a 1990 survey and excavation at the Mine Creek Battlefield by Kansas Historical Society Archeologists and crew. Mine Creek Battlefield was the location where on October 25, 1864, Union and Confederate forces fought one of the largest cavalry battles in the Civil War. All of the ammunition shown here was made of lead. On the top row from left to right are a 40-63/70 Ballard ball and a .58 caliber Berdan ball. On the bottom row (all ammunition for use in a pistol) are, from left to right, a .38 caliber ball, a .44 caliber Merwin and Hulbert bullet, a .38 caliber bullet, and a .357 caliber bullet.

Campaign against Sterling Price
Creator: Davis, George
Date: 1864
This is a map showing the campaign against Sterling Price. It accompanied a report by Major General S. R. Curtis, U. S. Army and was copied from the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861-1865 [War of the Rebellion], Series 1, Vol. XLI, Part 1.

Captain Edward A. Jacobs to John Jacobs
Creator: Jacobs, Edward A.
Date: November 13, 1864
A letter from Captain Edward A. Jacobs, Fort Larned, to John Jacobs, Clinton, Kansas, November 13, 1864. The letter was written 16 days prior to the Sand Creek Massacre in southeast Colorado on November 29, 1864.

Civil War Valentine
Date: between 1861 and 1865
Joseph Forrest sent Valentines to Elizabeth Ehrhart during the Civil War. They were residents of Macon County, Illinois, and became engaged in 1858. Joseph enlisted on July 25, 1861 at Decatur, Illinois and fought as a private with Co. A of 8th Illinois Volunteer Infantry. The couple married Aug. 9, 1863. The Forrests moved to Jewell County, Kansas in 1872, where Joseph served as a Methodist Minister. In 1875, they moved to Minneapolis, Kansas.

Civil War Valentine
Creator: W. Momberger
Date: between 1861 and 1865
Joseph Forrest sent Valentines to Elizabeth Ehrhart during the Civil War. They were residents of Macon County, Illinois, and became engaged in 1858. Joseph enlisted on July 25, 1861 at Decatur, Illinois and fought as a private with Co. A of 8th Illinois Volunteer Infantry. The couple married Aug. 9, 1863. The Forrests moved to Jewell County, Kansas in 1872, where Joseph served as a Methodist Minister. In 1875, they moved to Minneapolis, Kansas.

Civil War Valentine
Date: between 1861 and 1865
Joseph Forrest sent Valentines to Elizabeth Ehrhart during the Civil War. They were residents of Macon County, Illinois, and became engaged in 1858. Joseph enlisted on July 25, 1861 at Decatur, Illinois and fought as a private with Co. A of 8th Illinois Volunteer Infantry. The couple married Aug. 9, 1863. The Forrests moved to Jewell County, Kansas in 1872, where Joseph served as a Methodist Minister. In 1875, they moved to Minneapolis, Kansas.

Coins from the Iowa and Sac and Fox Mission, 14DP384
Date: 1854-1864
Shown are two coins that were recovered from the excavations at the Iowa and Sac and Fox Mission in Doniphan County by Kansas Historical Society archeologists and Kansas Anthropological Association volunteers. The Presbyterian Mission was built in 1845 and closed in 1863. After that, part of the building was razed, the rest was used as a residence until 1905. The State of Kansas acquired to property in 1941. The 1854 half dime shows a seated Liberty, 13 stars, and an arrow on each side of the year on the obverse side. The arrows indicate that that the coin weight had been reduced. The reverse of the half dime shows the face value of the coin, a wreath, and the words "UNITED STATES of AMERICA." The 2¢ coin's obverse side shows a shield with "IN GOD WE TRUST" on the banner and the mint date of 1864. The reverse side is too corroded to discern what was present.

Colonel John M. Chivington to Major General S. R. Curtis
Creator: United States. Congress. Senate
Date: December 16, 1864
This copy of a letter by Colonel John Chivington, commander of the 1st Colorado Cavalry, was included in the report of a military commission called to investigate the Sand Creek massacre in Colorado Territory. In the letter, Chivington describes his pursuit of "hostile" Indians and his actions at Sand Creek. According to Chivington, he took no prisoners, leaving between five and six hundred Indians "dead upon the field." He also captured around 550 ponies and horses, as well as other Indian property. This letter is included in a larger published report, titled Report of the Secretary of War, Communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of February 4, 1867, a copy of the evidence taken at Denver and Fort Lyon, Colorado Territory, by a military commission, ordered to inquire into the Sand Creek massacre, November, 1864.

Colored Battery at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
Date: 1864
A carte de visite photograph showing the men of the Independent Battery, U.S. Colored Light Artillery, positioned in front of the guard house at Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas. The battery was commanded by Union officer Captain H. Ford Douglas and has often been referred to as "Douglas's Battery." Captain Douglas himself was one of the few black officers in the Union Army during the war and worked tirelessly to better the conditions under which his men served.