344th FA - Capt. Stanley
Creator: Hughes, James Clark, 1888-1964
Date: March 20, 1928
Captain James C. Hughes photographed these men of the 344th Field Artillery Regiment, March 20, 1928. He mentioned Captain Stanley in his caption to the photo, perhaps he is the officer seated in front of the rest. They were probably taking part in ORC (Officer Reserve Corps) at Waco, Texas, as Captain Hughes had gone from ORC duty in Houston to Waco, Texas and was there from December, 1927 to July, 1929. James Clark Hughes was born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1888, and served in the Mexican Border Conflict, World War I, and World War II. He used an autographic camera to take pictures of friends, family, and places in the United States and Europe during and just after World War I. A full biography of James Clark Hughes is available at the link below to Kansapedia.

A farm out west. Emigration folder of the great Rock Island route
Date: 1897
This Chicago & Rock Island railroad pamphlet promotes agricultural production and settlement in the southwestern states of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Agricultural development, wealth and rural population of the states on the tributory to the Union Pacific Railroad for the years of 1900-1910
Creator: Union Pacific Railway Company
Date: September 17, 1912
Union Pacific Railroad Company Agricultural Bulletin (No. 104). Union Pacific Railroad promotional advertisement showing aggregate statistical wealth values and population figures for areas west of the Mississippi River during a ten year period of time.

Albin Kasper Longren's photograph album
Date: 1912-1921
This photograph album documents a number of airplanes (biplanes)designed, built and flown by Albin Kasper Longren. He built and flew Topeka's first aircraft on September 2, 1911. At two different times, Longren tried to establish an airplane factory in Topeka, Kansas. His second factory was in an abandoned woolen mill in Oakland, a neighborhood in Topeka, Kansas. The album contains photographs of the exterior and interior of this factory and numerous views of planes and plane parts. Longren's planes were well received, but his business failed because he had difficulty manufacturing numbers of planes. There are two images of a plane parked at the entrance to Gage Park in Topeka. Longren did exhibition flying at county fairs and other events in the region under the name Longren Aviators Exhibition Flyers. The album also has images of biplanes at Coffeyville, Anthony, Stockton, and other locations in Kansas as well as at least one image taken in the following states: Oklahoma, Nebraska, and Texas. Longren built a plane the was purchased by Phillip Billard, a Topeka aviator, and there are images of this plane in the album.

Alibates Core from 14PT420
Date: 1300-1500 CE
Shown is a core, a stone from which flakes are removed to make chipped stone tools. The core was recovered in 1994 by Kansas Historical Society archeologists at a Middle Ceramic period Pratt complex village in Pratt County. The parent material for this core is Alibates agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. This suggests either trade with people further south or travel by Pratt complex people to the Texas panhandle.

Alibates Flakes from 14KW401
Date: Unknown
These six flakes of Alibates chert were recovered from a hill top camp site, 14KW401, in Kiowa County. The debitage, waste flakes from tool making, were made of Alibates chert, a silicified or agatized dolomite from the Canadian River in the Texas panhandle. The dark piece has been burned in a fire.

Alibates Flint from 14RC410
Date: 1400-1499 CE
These fragments of flint were recovered in 1981 by Kansas Historical Society archeologists at an archeological site in Rice County. They are made of Alibates flint, a silicified or agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. This suggests either trade with people further south or travel by the ancestral Wichita people living at the site to the Texas panhandle. The site is what archeologists call part of the Little River focus of the Great Bend aspect, whose people practiced fishing, hunting, gathering, and agriculture.

Alibates Scrapers from 14WC408
Date: 1000-1500 CE
These scrapers were collected from an archeological site near the Smoky Hill River in Wallace County and donated in 2018 to the Kansas Historical Society. Scrapers such as these would have been hafted on a handle and used to scrape hides. They would have required periodic resharpening. All five scrapers were made of Alibates flint, a silicified or agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle.

Alibates Scrapers from the Saxman Site, 14RC301
Date: 1500-1650 CE
Shown are five scrapers that were collected from the Saxman site in Rice County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2017. Scrapers such as these would have been hafted on a handle and used to scrape hides. They would have required periodic resharpening. All five scrapers were made of Alibates flint, a silicified or agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. The Saxman site, a large Great Bend aspect village, was occupied by ancestral Wichita peoples.

Alibates Scrapers from the Tobias Site, 14RC8
Date: 1400-1700 CE
These seven scrapers were excavated during the 1977 Kansas Archeology Training Program field school at the Tobias site in Rice County. Scrapers such as these would have been hafted on a handle and used to scrape hides. They would have required periodic resharpening. All seven scrapers were made of Alibates agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. The Tobias site is a Great Bend aspect (ancestral Wichita) village that had dense artifact deposits, house remains, and numerous deep trash-filled storage pits. The site is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

Alibates Scrapers from the Wells Site, 14BT404
Date: 1650-1750 CE
These scrapers were collected from the Wells village site in Barton County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2021. Scrapers such as these would have been hafted on a handle and used to scrape hides. They would have required periodic resharpening. All are made of Alibates flint, a silicified or agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. This suggests either trade with people further south or travel by the people living in the village. The village site had an abundance of artifacts that reflect not only a Dismal River aspect occupation (1650 - 1750 CE) but also a historic component.

Alphabetical agencies created under the Roosevelt New Deal Party
Creator: Biggers, E.M.
Date: 1932
This item, printed and issued by Biggers Printing Company of Houston, Texas, lists the many different agencies created under President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. In addition to well-known programs such as the WPA, the list contains many lesser-known agencies, providing an interesting glimpse into the expansion of the U.S. Government under the New Deal.

Alternately Beveled Knives from the Lewis Site, 14PA307
Date: 1000-1700 CE
These four alternately beveled knives were recovered from excavations in 1966 at the Lewis site in Pawnee County by Kansas Historical Society archeologists. Repeated sharpening on the knife's alternate sides created the bevels. Three of the knives are made of Smoky Hill silicified chalk, a good quality knapping material that is exposed in linear beds in northwestern Kansas and western Nebraska. The fourth knife is made of Alibates agatized dolomite from the Canadian River valley in the Texas panhandle. The Lewis site is multiple occupation habitation site with Pratt Complex (Middle Ceramic period), Smoky Hill aspect (Middle Ceramic period), and Great Bend aspect (Late Ceramic period) occupations.

A map of the route and land grant of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway
Creator: Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway Company
Date: 1871
A large, sectional map of the central United States showing the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway with its land grants plus the connecting railroads. The Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroad runs from Junction City, Kansas, and Sedalia, Missouri, to meet at Parsons, Kansas, and continue on to the Mexican border and Houston, Texas. There is also a small, inset map of the entire United States with the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway and its connecting lines shown.

Amarillo, Texas
Date: Between 1887 and 1888
This sepia colored photograph shows the streets of Amarillo, Texas, in its third week of incorporation.

An appeal for help in behalf of the colored refugees in Kansas
Creator: Rust, Horatio Nelson, 1828-1906
Date: January 22, 1881
This flyer, distributed by the Southern Refugee Relief Association of Chicago, Illinois, describes the dire situation of the African-American refugees relocated in Kansas. The secretary of this association, Horatio N. Rust, had taken this opportunity to pass along information relayed to him by Elizabeth Comstock, an aid worker in Topeka. Comstock was thankful for the donations of food and other goods, but asked for more assistance in feeding, clothing, and sheltering these refugees. The flyer also includes short excerpts of letters by agents of the refugee association who had direct knowledge of the emigrants' situation.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe CF-7 locomotive and slug at Cleburne, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: 1971
A slide of an ATSF CF-7 locomotive and slug at Cleburne, Texas. A slug is a locomotive with no diesel engine and therefore takes its power from a normal locomotive.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Allenfarm, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: May 1931
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot at Allenfarm, Texas.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Alvin, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: Between 1960 and 1969
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot in Alvin, Texas.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Amarillo, Texas
Date: Between 1940s and 1950s
This photograph shows the platform and tracks in front of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot in Amarillo, Texas.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Amarillo, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: 1940
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot at Amarillo, Texas.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Amarillo, Texas
Date: Between 1910 and 1919
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot in Amarillo, Texas. The structure, built in 1910, features stucco- and adobe-finished walls with a tile roof.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot and Fred Harvey House, Somerville, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: Between 1890 and 1919
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot and the Fred Harvey House in Somerville, Texas. The building no longer stands.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Bellville, Texas
Date: Between 1950sand 1960s
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot in Bellville, Texas.

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot, Ben Franklin, Texas
Creator: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company
Date: April 1931
This photograph shows the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company depot at Ben Franklin, Texas. The depot was built in 1887.