25th Neewollah
Creator: Neewollah, Inc.
Date: October 26-29, 1983
This program describes events at the 1983 Neewollah festival in Independence, Kansas. Neewollah is a celebration that began in 1919 with alternative activities for kids. Neewollah (Halloween spelled backwards) is the oldest and largest annual festival in Kansas. For 100 years, Independence has been celebrating with parades, queen's pageant, musical theatre productions, carnival, street acts, food vendors, and much, much more. It started out small, centered around parades held on October 31. Except for years of interruption in the mid-20th century, due to the Great Depression, World War II and lack of financial support, the festival has grown from a one-day celebration to a now nine-day festival. Digitization funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission through the Kansas State Historical Records Advisory Board.

8,000 students affected, state officials see no trouble adjusting schools to new rule
Creator: Topeka Journal
Date: May 17, 1954
This article discusses how the state of Kansas will work to conform to the ruling made in the Brown v. Board of Education decision on May 17, 1954. The U.S. Supreme Court had ruled that the segregation of schools based on race was unconstitutional. Many cities in Kansas, including Topeka, Atchison, Salina, Wichita, and Pittsburg were already working to integrate their schools. Topeka had an estimated 625 African American students who would be affected by the court's ruling, and the article lists the numbers for other cities and towns in the state.

Abraham (Bullet Hole) Ellis
Creator: Martin Leonard V.
Date: Between 1862 and 1889
This sepia colored photograph shows Abraham (Bullet Hole) Ellis. Abraham was elected to the Kansas Territorial Legislature in 1858 and to the first Kansas state legislature of 1861. In 1862, Ellis was shot by William Quantrill, the bullet passed through a sash and fur cap, crushing both plates of the skull and lodging against the inner lining. It lay buried in the wound for seventy hours. Abraham wouldn't fully recover from the wound for five months. The ball and twenty-seven pieces of bone are now in the Army and Navy Medical Museum in Washington, D.C.

A. D. Gise home in Coffeyville, Kansas
Date: 1917
This is a photograph of A. D. Gise's home probably located at 611 Spruce in Coffeyville, Kansas. A. D. Gise owned the A. D. Gise Motor Company.

Affidavit from Homer W. Hunter to U.S. Attorney General Francis Biddle
Creator: Hunter, Homer
Date: March 22, 1943
Affidavit from Homer Hunter of Coffeyville, Kansas, to U.S. Attorney General Francis Biddle. The affidavit describes the treatment endured by Melvin L. Jackson, F. Jerry Molohan, and Homer W. Hunter during World War II. The three men, all Jehovah's Witnesses and conscientious objectors, describe the harsh treatment and threats of violence they faced from some members of the American Legion due to their religious beliefs.

A. J. Stinnett and George Stevens, prisoners 9311 and 7732
Creator: Kansas State Penitentiary
Date: January 26, 1901
This photograph shows inmates, A. J. Stinnett, prisoner #9311 and George Stevens, prisoner #7732. A.J Stinnett was received at the Kansas State Penitentiary on April 6, 1900 from Oklahoma for shooting with intent to kill. Inmate George Stevens was received at the penitentiary on March 28, 1896 for murder from Montgomery County, Kansas.

Albert Green, World War I soldier
Date: 1918
Around 1919, the Kansas State Historical Society and the American Legion solicited biographical information from returning veterans (primarily members of the 35th and 89th infantry divisions) and the families of those who died in service, notably from the Gold Star Mothers. Each veteran or family member was asked to provide letters, photographs, a biography, and military records. This file contains information on Albert J. Green. Green died on October 11, 1918 from influenza while at home on furlough.

Albin Kasper Longren's photograph album
Date: 1912-1921
This photograph album documents a number of airplanes (biplanes)designed, built and flown by Albin Kasper Longren. He built and flew Topeka's first aircraft on September 2, 1911. At two different times, Longren tried to establish an airplane factory in Topeka, Kansas. His second factory was in an abandoned woolen mill in Oakland, a neighborhood in Topeka, Kansas. The album contains photographs of the exterior and interior of this factory and numerous views of planes and plane parts. Longren's planes were well received, but his business failed because he had difficulty manufacturing numbers of planes. There are two images of a plane parked at the entrance to Gage Park in Topeka. Longren did exhibition flying at county fairs and other events in the region under the name Longren Aviators Exhibition Flyers. The album also has images of biplanes at Coffeyville, Anthony, Stockton, and other locations in Kansas as well as at least one image taken in the following states: Oklahoma, Nebraska, and Texas. Longren built a plane the was purchased by Phillip Billard, a Topeka aviator, and there are images of this plane in the album.

Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day parade, Topeka, Kansas
Date: July 23, 1936
A view of the Coffeyville Tornado Drum Corps, a women's ensemble, in Kansas Governor Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day parade on July 23, 1936, in Topeka, Kansas. The parade was celebrating Kansas Governor Alfred M. Landon's notification of his nomination to run as the Republican Party's candidate in the 1936 presidential election. Landon was defeated in November by a landslide vote for incumbent Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day Parade, Topeka, Kansas
Date: July 23, 1936
View of an Independence, Kansas marching band. The band was performing in Kansas Governor Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day Parade in celebration of the notification of his nomination to run as the Republican party's candidate in the 1936 presidential election. Landon was defeated in November by a landslide vote for incumbent Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day Parade, Topeka, Kansas
Date: July 23, 1936
View of an Independence, Kansas marching band. The band was performing in Kansas Governor Alfred M. Landon's Notification Day Parade in celebration of the notification of his nomination to run as the Republican party's candidate in the 1936 presidential election. Landon was defeated in November by a landslide vote for incumbent Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Alternately Beveled Knife from Montgomery County
Date: Unknown
This alternately beveled knife fragment was recovered from Montgomery County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 1975. The knife was reconstructed by the donor. The pinkish color of the Florence chert indicates that it had been heat treated to improve knapping quality of the chert. Repeated sharpening on the knife's alternate sides created the bevels.

Alternately Beveled Knives from 14MY316
Date: 700-1500 CE
These five alternately beveled knife fragments were recovered from an archeological site along the Elk River in Montgomery County. Repeated sharpening on the knives alternate sides created the bevels. The three on the bottom are made of Permian chert and the one on the bottom right has been heat-treated prior to knapping to improve the knapping qualities of the chert. The two on the top row are made of an unknown chert. The site had house remains and is considered to be part of the Pomona focus of the Early and Middle Ceramic period. Pomona focus sites are located in eastern Kansas and western Missouri.

Alternately Beveled Knives from 14MY316
Date: 800-1000 CE
These two alternately beveled knife fragments were recovered from an Early Ceramic village in Montgomery County. The site had at least one house and may represent a Pomona occupation. Radiocarbon dating on a burned post gave a date of 800-1000 CE. Archeologists believe that knives shaped like these would have been used for bison butchering. They can be alternately sharpened on all four sides or on two alternate sides. One knife has an exposed portion of a fossilized segmented worm, Spriggina floudersi. The other knife was made of a chert called Tahlequah, that outcrops in eastern Oklahoma.

Alternately Beveled Knives from 14MY383
Date: 6000- 4000 BCE
These two alternately beveled knife fragments were recovered from a Middle Archaic site in Montgomery County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 1976. Repeated sharpening on the knife's alternate sides created the bevels.

An appeal for help in behalf of the colored refugees in Kansas
Creator: Rust, Horatio Nelson, 1828-1906
Date: January 22, 1881
This flyer, distributed by the Southern Refugee Relief Association of Chicago, Illinois, describes the dire situation of the African-American refugees relocated in Kansas. The secretary of this association, Horatio N. Rust, had taken this opportunity to pass along information relayed to him by Elizabeth Comstock, an aid worker in Topeka. Comstock was thankful for the donations of food and other goods, but asked for more assistance in feeding, clothing, and sheltering these refugees. The flyer also includes short excerpts of letters by agents of the refugee association who had direct knowledge of the emigrants' situation.

Aris Cope and Willard Brinlee, prisoners 9136 and 9571
Creator: Kansas State Penitentiary
Date: March 22, 1901
This photograph shows inmates, Aris Cope, prisoner #9136 and Willard Brinlee, prisoner #9571. Aris Cope was received at the Kansas State Penitentiary on November 30, 1899 from Montgomery County, Kansas for larceny. Inmate Willard Brinlee was received at the penitentiary on December 10, 1900 from Oklahoma for stealing domestic animals.

A Rockshelter Site in Montgomery County, 14MY378
Date: 1975
Shown is a slide of a rockshelter in Montgomery County. The associated midden (refuse heap) revealed Early to Middle Ceramic period occupations.

Arrow Point from 14MY302
Date: 1000-1500 CE
This small side notched arrow point was recovered from the surface of 14MY302. The site was a multicomponent camp site in Montgomery County excavated in 1978 by Kansas Historical Society archeologists. Archeologists believe that side notched arrow points are typical of the Middle Ceramic period. The pinkish color of the projectile point indicates the arrow point was heat treated to improve the chert's knapping quality.

Arrow Points from 14MY312
Date: 1-1000 CE
These two arrow points were collected from an Early Ceramic period site in Montgomery County and, in 1963, donated to the Kansas Historical Society. Both of the arrow points may have been heat-treated prior to knapping to improve their knapping qualities. Both corner-notched arrow points were made of Permian chert.

Arrow Points from 14MY316
Date: 700-1500 CE
These four arrow points were recovered from an archeological site along the Elk River in Montgomery County. All are made of Florence chert which outcrops in the Flint Hills of Kansas and Oklahoma. All were heat treated, a method to improve the knapping qualities of a chert which results in a pinkish color. Two of the arrow points are triangular and two are corner-notched. The site had house remains and is considered to be part of the Pomona focus of the Early and Middle Ceramic periods. Pomona focus sites are located in eastern Kansas and western Missouri.

Arrow Points from 14MY349
Date: 1000-1800 CE
These six arrow points were collected from a multicomponent site in Montgomery County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 1972, 1973, and 1975. Shown are side-notched, corner-notched, and triangular arrow points.

Artifact Collection from 14MY395
Date: 1-1900 CE
These three artifacts were collected from an archeological site in Montgomery County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 1975. The site was listed as an Early Ceramic period site, but with the inclusion of the Historic pipe it shows that people were at the site long after that time period. Shown are a small scraper made on Permian chert, a corner notched dart point made on heat treated Permian chert, and a fragment of a molded ceramic pipe bowl.

Art Work on Eastern Kansas
Creator: Western Photogravure Company
Date: 1900
This pictorial book gives a brief overview of eastern Kansas. This is part ten of twelve. Views of the Melan Arch Bridge in Topeka, Plymouth Congregational Church in Lawrence, Independence High School, and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad depot in Parsons are some of the featured photographs.

Art Work on Eastern Kansas
Creator: Western Photogravure Company
Date: 1900
This pictorial book gives a brief overview of eastern Kansas. This is part seven of twelve. The stockyards in Kansas City, Kansas, the Soldier's Home in Leavenworth, and Ft. Scott High School are some of the featured photographs.