1988 Excavations at the Hallman Site, 14HP524
Date: 1988
Shown are six images taken at the excavation at the Hallman site in Harper County during the Kansas Archeology Training Program field school in 1988. Shown are views of a digging stick tip, a bone complex, a canid skull, and a arrow point, all in situ. Additionally there is a progress view with volunteers excavating and an aerial view of the finished excavation. The site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period and it's people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Alternately Beveled Knife and Drill from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
This knife and drill were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. Repeated sharpening on the knife's alternate sides created the bevels. It is made of Florence chert from the Flint Hills region and gets its pinkish color as a result of the material being carefully heated before manufacturing to improve the chert's knapping qualities. Drills were used to bore holes in materials softer than the drill itself, such as hides, shell, wood, or soft stone. The drill is made of Smoky Hill silicified chalk, a type of chert that outcrops in western Kansas and north into Nebraska. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Bison Scapula Hoe from the Armstrong Site, 14HP5
Date: 1142-1292 CE
This bison scapula hoe was recovered from the Armstrong site, a Bluff Creek complex Middle Ceramic village in Harper County. The maker removed the long spine that runs the length of the scapula (shoulder blade), beveled and sharpened the edge, and hafted it to a handle.

Bison Scapula Hoes from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These two bison scapula hoe fragments were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. To make a hoe, the long spine that runs the length of the scapula (shoulder blade) was removed and the edges were beveled and sharpened. Then the hoe blade was hafted to a handle. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Bluff Creek Pottery from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
This pottery sherds were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. Two of the rim sherds (top row) have a cord marked surface treatment. The other rim sherd (bottom row left) has a smooth surface treatment and faint incised lines below the neck. The two body sherds on the bottom row also have a smoothed surface, and parallel incised lines. The sherd on the bottom left has shell temper and the others have sand temper. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Bone Awls from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These two bone awls were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. Awls such as these were usually made from deer bone. They were used to make holes in soft material, like hides, and possibly in basket and pottery manufacturing. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Bone Shaft Wrench from the Armstrong Site, 14HP5
Date: 1142-1292 CE
This bone shaft wrench was recovered from the Armstrong site, a Bluff Creek complex Middle Ceramic village in Harper County. It was made from a deer tibia and in addition to the eye it has a series of incised lines on the side and is highly polished. Shaft wrenches were used to straighten wooden spear or arrow shafts.

Bone Tool from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
This bone tool was recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. The tool had an unknown function and was rounded on one end and highly polished. It has a series of grooves along one edge, some deeply grooved to facilitate snapping the bone with a clean break and others less deeply scored. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Corner Notched Arrow Points from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These two corner notched arrow points were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2012. The notches aided in hafting the point to the arrow shaft. The smaller, pink arrow point is made of local Florence chert from the Flint Hills region and gets its pinkish color as a result of the material being carefully heated before manufacturing to improve the chert's knapping qualities. The larger, black arrow point is made of an unknown chert type. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Fresno Arrow Points from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These four arrow points were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2012. Archeologists identify this projectile point style as Fresno arrow points: unnotched with a triangular shape. Though small and thin, they would have been extremely effective on the hunt. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Fresno Arrow Points from the Hallman Site, 14HP524
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These two Fresno arrow points were recovered from the Hallman village in Harper County during excavations in 1988. Archeologists identify Fresno points as being unnotched with a triangular shape. Both of the points were heat-treated prior to their completion to make it easier to knap. The site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period and it's people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Harahey Knives from the Armstrong Site, 14HP5
Date: 1142-1292 CE
This bone shaft wrench was recovered from the Armstrong site, a Bluff Creek complex Middle Ceramic village in Harper County. Archeologists believe that knives shaped like these would have been used for bison butchering. Repeated sharpening on alternate sides created bevels.

Harrell Arrow Points from the Hallman site
Date: 1100 CE-1300 CE
These three Harrell arrow points were recovered from the Hallman village site (14HP524) in Harper County during excavations in 1988. Archeologists identify Harrell points by their single side and base notches. Two arrow points get their pinkish color as a result of the material being carefully heated before manufacturing to improve the chert's knapping qualities. The site dates to the Bluff Creek complex during the Middle Ceramic period and it's people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Huffaker Arrow Points from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These three arrow points were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County and donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2012. Archeologists identify Huffaker arrow points by their double side-notches and single base-notch. These are made of local Florence chert from the Flints Hills region and get their pinkish color as a result of the material being carefully heated before manufacturing to improve the chert's knapping qualities. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Huffaker Arrow Points from the Hallman Site, 14HP524
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These two Huffaker arrow points were recovered from the Hallman village site (14HP524) in Harper County during excavations in 1988. Archeologists identify Huffaker points by their double side-notch and single base-notch. The site dates to the Bluff Creek complex during the Middle Ceramic period and it's people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Middle Ceramic Bluff Creek Complex Vessel from the Hallman Site, 14HP524
Date: 1100-1300 CE
This Middle Ceramic Bluff Creek Complex vessel was found at the Hallman village in Harper County in 1988. A cord-wrapped paddle was used by the American Indians to make the roughened surface treatment of this otherwise undecorated pot.

Middle Ceramic Bluff Creek Complex Vessel from the Hallman Site, 14HP524
Date: 1100-1300 CE
This Middle Ceramic Bluff Creek Complex vessel was found at the Hallman village in Harper County in 1988. A cord-wrapped paddle was used by the American Indians to make the roughened surface treatment of this otherwise undecorated pot.

Modified Bone from the Armstrong Site, 14HP5
Date: 1142-1292 CE
This modified bone has been incised with a decorative pattern of two parallel lines and a series of "Xs" or crosshatches. This bone was donated to the Kansas Historical Society in 2012. It was found at the Armstrong site, a Bluff Creek complex Middle Ceramic site in Harper County.

Scrapers from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These five scrapers were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. Scrapers such as these would have been hafted on a handle and used to scrape hides. They would have required periodic resharpening. All are made of Florence chert from the Flint Hills region. Four of the scrapers get their pinkish color as a result of the material being carefully heated before manufacturing to improve the chert's knapping qualities. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.

Side Notched Arrow Points from the Anthony Site, 14HP1
Date: 1100-1300 CE
These five corner notched arrow points were recovered from the Anthony site in Harper County. The arrow points are made of Permian cherts which outcrop to the east. The notches aided in hafting the point to the arrow shaft. Though small and thin, they would have been extremely effective on the hunt. The Anthony site dates to the Bluff Creek complex in the Middle Ceramic period. Bluff Creek people practiced a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and some horticulture.