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People - American Indians - Tribes - Osage
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Captain Lewis Hanback's final report
Creator: Hanback, Lewis
Date: 1875
This document is Captain Lewis Hanback's final report of an 1875 investigation into a conflict between Captain Ricker's company of state militia and a band of Osage Indians that occurred in 1874. The Osage Indians had filed a complaint with the Department of the Interior, claiming that the U. S. military had attacked a peaceful Indian encampment and stolen their horses and other property. Captain Lewis Hanback was ordered to take down testimonies and determine the circumstances surrounding the conflict. This final report summarizes these testimonies and includes a short history of Barbour County where the altercation took place.
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C. M. Ricker to Charles Morris
Creator: Ricker, C. M.
Date: November 6, 1874
Captain C. R. Ricker of the Kansas State Militia, Medicine Lodge, Kansas, writes to Adjutant General Charles Morris of Topeka concerning a band of Pawnee Indians. Ricker notes that the Indians are just east of Medicine Lodge and believes they intend to fight a band of Osage Indians. Though this band had not disturbed any person or property, they were burning the prairie. Ricker suggests that the burning is an attempt by the Indians to further destroy settler's rangeland already devastated by drought and grasshoppers. Ricker asks for instructions on dealing with this "friendly" band of Pawnee. The threat of an Indian uprising on Kansas' southern boarder in 1873 led Governor Thomas Osborn to employ the state militia and appeal to President Ulysses S. Grant for federal troops and arms.
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E.A. Herod to George W. Martin
Creator: Herod, E.A.
Date: October 02, 1902
In this letter, E.A. Herod, professor of mathematics at Northwestern Territorial Normal School, relates what he knows about a battle between Confederate soldiers and Osage Indians that took place in southeast Kansas during the Civil War.
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Eastman's map of Kansas and Nebraska territories showing the location of the Indian reserves according to the treaties of 1854
Date: Between 1854 and 1856
This map shows the locations of the new or reduced lands of Indian tribes according to the treaties of 1854. With the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854, the former Indian Territory was opened to white settlement, and the government looked for ways to relocate the native tribes who had made their homes in Kansas. To create more land for white settlement, George Manypenny, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, negotiated treaties with Indian tribes that ceded much of the Indians' lands to the government. This land could then be sold to white emigrants. Naturally, these events helped to exacerbate existing tensions between settlers and Native Americans, contributing to the Indian Wars that occupied the U.S. Army during and after the American Civil War.
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Frank Frantz to George W. Martin
Creator: Frantz, Frank, 1872-1941
Date: November 30, 1904
In this item, United States Indian Agent Frank Frantz, who served as an officer with the Rough Riders during the Spanish-American War, responds to a letter sent by Kansas State Historical Society Secretary George W. Martin. While Frantz admits that he is new to the Osage Agency, he does provide important details on the Osages' current way of life. Frantz explains that the Governor of the tribe was a "fullblood" named O-lo-hah-wal-la who had been "raised to his position of prominence on account of his natural ability and education." Frantz also points out that a number of younger Osages were attending "Carlisle, Haskell, Chilocco and other nonreservation schools, including some of the best colleges and academies in this section of the country."
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George Eugene Standing Bear
Date: Between 1895 and 1900
This is a photograph of George Eugene Standing Bear, the son of Mary Lookout and the grandson of Chief Fred Lookout. George's father was an Ogallala Sioux from Pine Ridge, and his father's mother Laura Whirlwind made the cradleboard like the Sioux baby boards. She wanted the baby to have Osage and Sioux baby boards.
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Governor Crawford Indian correspondence
Date: 1867-1868
In response to Indian attacks on frontier settlers, Governor Samuel J. Crawford was authorized by Congress to recruit a battalion of men to handle the crisis. This series of correspondence in Governor Crawford's papers contains many documents from men requesting commissions in the new battalion and permission to recruit soldiers. There are also letters from settlers documenting atrocities, asking for protection from hostile Indians, requesting compensation for stolen goods and livestock, and needing aid merely to survive after losing their supplies to Indian raids. A searchable transcription is available by clicking "Text Version" below. Funds for digitization provided by Mr. Steve Peckel in memory of William Chalfant.
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G. Stockmyer, Starving Kansas
Creator: Stockmyer, G
Date: December, 1860
This broadside was prepared by G. Stockmyer, agent for Kansas Relief. It included descriptions of the conditions in most parts of Kansas Territory from individuals such as Thaddeus Hyatt, Allen Hodgson, and W. F. M. Arny and excerpts from various newspapers. Relief efforts were being coordinated by Samuel C. Pomeroy from Atchison, Kansas Territory. Freight and railroad companies provided free shipping for relief goods sent to K. T.
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Hard Rope, Osage Indian Chief
Creator: Concannon, Thomas M.
Date: 1877
This is a portrait of Hard Rope, or Wa-He-Sa-Ki, a prominent Osage tribal leader.
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History of Kansas and emigrant's guide
Creator: Chapman, J. Butler
Date: 1855
The title page of the printed volume indicated that it contained "a description geographical and topographical--also climate, soil, productions and comparative value with other states and territories, including its political history, officers-candidates-emigrant colonies-election, abolition, squatter and pro-slavery contentions and inquisitions; with the prospects of the territory for freedom or slavery." Mr. Chapman was a resident of the territory and the information in the booklet was compiled by traveling through Kansas Territory in 1854. The description covers most of the territory and includes information about Native American tribes and lands.
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Indian Territory, with parts of Neighborning States and Territories
Creator: Hunnius, Ado, 1842-1923
Date: September 1869
This map drawn by Ado Hunnius at the request of Major General J.M. Schofield was compiled under the direction of 1st Lieutenant Henry Jackson, 7th U.S. Cavalry. The chief engineer was Bvt. Major General A.A. Humphreys. The map illustrates the locations of forts, rivers, Indian tribes and reservations in the Indian Territory (Oklahoma). The neighboring states include: southern Kansas, northern Texas, western Missouri, western Arkansas and the territories of New Mexico, and Colorado
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James H. Holmes, testimony
Creator: Hyatt, Thaddeus
Date: December 8, 1856
This testimony of James Holmes is a portion of the Journal of Investigations in Kansas, a collection of personal stories recorded by Thaddeus Hyatt, president of the National Kansas Committee. Mr. Holmes had studied agricultural chemistry before entering Kansas Territory, and his initial reason for emigrating was his desire to undertake agricultural experiments. He had also intended to join with Clubbs Vegetarian Settlement, which was located on the Neosho River near the north line of the Osage Reserve. He goes into detail about the Neosho valley and its vegetation, mineral deposits, etc. The rest of his account deals with his involvement in the free state militia and his role in defending Osawatomie.
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John C. McCoy to Franklin G. Adams
Creator: McCoy, John Calvin, 1811-1889
Date: February 09, 1885
In this item, from John C. McCoy to Franklin G. Adams of the Kansas State Historical Society, McCoy discusses his early experiences in Kansas. McCoy, who came to Kansas City in 1830 to perform missionary work with his father Isaac McCoy and mother Christiana McCoy, was an active figure throughout Kansas from 1830 until his death in 1889. In this letter to Adams, McCoy relates the details of people he came into contact with, including a number of Native Americans.
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Joseph H. Trego to Alice Trego
Creator: Trego, Joseph H. (Joseph Harrington), 1823-1905
Date: February 28, 1858
Joseph Trego wrote from Mound City, Kansas Territory, to his wife, Alice, at their family's home in Illinois. Trego described his overland travels to an Osage Indian trading post and his encounters with the Osage people. He and his friend, Edwin, traveled through Fort Scott, Bourbon County, on their way back to Mound City. Trego recounted their tour of the town, describing its large homes, a plaza at the town's center, and a steam mill much like his own. Trego reported that, if they had stayed longer in Fort Scott, they may not have been allowed out, as free state men were collecting in large numbers to capture proslavery "thieves" and destroy the town in the process.
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Jotham Meeker to Rev. S. Peck
Creator: Meeker, Jotham, 1804-1855
Date: August 15, 1849
Jotham Meeker, misionary and printer, arrived in Kansas in 1833 and set up a printing press at Shawnee Baptist Mission. Meeker joined the Ottawa Indians in 1837 and founded a mission on the Marais des Cygnes River where present day Ottawa stands. The Ottawa Indians began moving to Kansas from Ohio in the early 1830s. Meeker opened his letter with personal matters and them turned to affairs concerning the Indians in Kansas. He talked about cholera, which killed many Indians in the summer of 1849.
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Kansas Adjutant General general correspondence
Creator: Kansas. Adjutant General's Office
Date: 1867
This item is correspondence received by the Adjutant General's Office. Josiah B. McAfee succeeded Thomas J. Anderson as Kansas Adjutant General in August 1867. The correspondence includes letters from citizens seeking to reenter the armed forces, orders for the disarmament of state militia arsenals, and claims for service records and pensions. A letter, dated June 25, 1867, from former Kansas Governor Charles Robinson, states that a list of officers commissioned during his term is no longer in his possession. Also included are several statements taken by district court clerk Mitchell G. Williams in New Albany, Wilson County, Kansas, regarding the theft and killing of horses by Osage Indians.
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Kansas Adjutant General general correspondence
Creator: Kansas. Adjutant General's Office
Date: 1868
This correspondence received by the Adjutant General's Office, headed by Josiah B. McAfee, discusses a variety of topics including the burial places of deceased Kansas soldiers, requests for recruiting commissions to raise a company of militiamen, and "Price's Raid Claims." There is frequent correspondence with Philip M. Sheridan, in command of the Missouri Department in Fort Hays, and letters from concerned citizens of Sibley, Kansas, worried that Indian presence and shrinking provisions are forcing people to leave the area.
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Kansas Adjutant General general correspondence, 1874
Creator: Kansas. Adjutant General's Office
Date: 1874
This correspondence includes letters received by C. A. Morris, the Kansas Adjutant General, on a variety of topics but most of the letters request arms or troops to protect settlers from feared raids by Indians in the area. Many letters also inform the state of the enrollment of local militias for such protection in absence of assistance by state units. Requests for information on filing claims for damage from Indian raids are also included, as are requests on Price Raid claims. Many of the letters are addressed to Governor Thomas Osborn. Many official or unofficial militia units enrolled by local communities express an urgent desire to receive orders to pursue the Indians on the southern border of Kansas. Indian tribes mentioned include the Cheyenne, Osage and Pawnee.
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Kansas and Nebraska
Creator: Wells, J.G.
Date: 1856
Map detailing the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and surrounding states. Identified on the map are rivers, Indian lands, the Santa Fe Trail, and the Oregon Trail. This map is provided through a co-operative project between the Lecompton Historical Society and the Kansas Historical Society. Partial funding was provided by the Ross and Margaret Wulfkuhle Charitable Trust and the Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area. Copies of this map are available for viewing at both the Kansas Historical Society and Lecompton Historical Society.
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Kiowa trail
Date: Between 1905 and 1915
Accounts of the Kiowa trail, which traveled from Wichita, Kansas through Harper, Kingman, and Barber counties. This trail's origins date back to the early 1870s and was used primarily for trade.
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