Territorial Census, 1855, District 4
Creator: Donalson, C. B.
Date: January and February, 1855
This census was taken in order to determine eligible voters for elections to be held as proclaimed by Governor Andrew Reeder on November 10, 1854. The categories for information in the census were name, occupation, age, gender, emigrated from, native of United States, naturalized citizen, declarant (intention to become a citizen), Negro, slave, and voter. Only white males over twenty-one were eligible to vote. The districts used for the census were the same as the election districts. A statistical summary of the census followed the enumeration pages. For District 4, the place of election was the house of Dr. Chapman. The boundaries of each district were described in Governor Reeder's proclamation, and it is difficult to determine what counties were in each district. The description of the Fourth District follows: "Commencing at the Missouri State line, in the middle of the Santa Fe road; thence along the middle of said road to Rock Creek, near the sixty-fifth mile of said road; thence south to the line of the late Shawnee reservation ceded by the treaty of 1854; thence due east along the south line of said reservation and the north line of the existing reservations of the Sacs and Foxes, the existing reservations of the Chippewas and Ottawas and the late reservations of the Piankesaws, Weas, Peorias and Kaskaskias to the Missouri State line; thence up the Missouri State line to the place of beginning."

Eastman's map of Kansas and Nebraska territories showing the location of the Indian reserves according to the treaties of 1854
Date: Between 1854 and 1856
This map shows the locations of the new or reduced lands of Indian tribes according to the treaties of 1854. With the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854, the former Indian Territory was opened to white settlement, and the government looked for ways to relocate the native tribes who had made their homes in Kansas. To create more land for white settlement, George Manypenny, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, negotiated treaties with Indian tribes that ceded much of the Indians' lands to the government. This land could then be sold to white emigrants. Naturally, these events helped to exacerbate existing tensions between settlers and Native Americans, contributing to the Indian Wars that occupied the U.S. Army during and after the American Civil War.

Map of Indian lands in Kansas
Creator: McCoy, Isaac, 1784-1846
Date: 1830-1836
This map represents all the surveys of Indian lands completed by missionary Isaac McCoy between the years 1830 and 1836. McCoy, a missionary to the Ottawa and Pottawatomie tribes in Michigan, was convinced that Indians should be moved to new lands west of the Mississippi River. He took some Indian delegates on exploring missions in addition to his work as surveyor, missionary, and teacher. The map was redrawn by H. J. Adams.

Names and numbers of Indian tribes which must have possessions in the Indian Territory
Creator: McCoy, Isaac, 1784-1846
Date: November 1, 1832
Isaac McCoy, a Baptist missionary and surveyor, compiled this list of Indian tribes and their estimated populations. McCoy advocated Indian removal to western lands because he believed that the white man's influence on natives was corrupting. On this chart he listed about 45 tribes from all over the eastern United States. Only some of these tribes were relocated to Indian Territory (present-day Kansas). "Do" is an abbreviation for "ditto."

Map of Kansas, with parts of neighboring states and territories
Creator: Hunnius, Ado, 1842-1923
Date: 1870
This map was drawn by Ado Hunnius at the request of Major General J. M. Schofield. It was compiled under the direction of 1st Lieutenant Henry Jackson of the 7th U.S. Cavalry in March 1870. It includes the location of forts in Kansas, southern Nebraska, eastern Colorado, and northern portions of Indian Territory (Oklahoma), as well as noting natural features (rivers, hills, etc.), trails, and Indian reservations.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 31, Diary
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1826-1831
William Clark kept this diary during his tenure as the Superintendent of Indian Affairs at St. Louis, Missouri. The diary consists primarily of meteorological data, steamboat arrivals, arrivals and departures of Indians, and a few notes of deaths, accidents, and marriages. A searchable, full-text (PDF) transcription is available under "External Links" below. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

John C. McCoy to Franklin G. Adams
Creator: McCoy, John Calvin, 1811-1889
Date: February 09, 1885
In this item, from John C. McCoy to Franklin G. Adams of the Kansas State Historical Society, McCoy discusses his early experiences in Kansas. McCoy, who came to Kansas City in 1830 to perform missionary work with his father Isaac McCoy and mother Christiana McCoy, was an active figure throughout Kansas from 1830 until his death in 1889. In this letter to Adams, McCoy relates the details of people he came into contact with, including a number of Native Americans.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 4, Correspondence
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1829-1832
This volume includes copies of some outgoing letters sent by William Clark (of Lewis and Clark, Voyage of Discovery fame) who served as Indian superintendent for the central superintendency from 1807 until his death in 1838. Many of these letters were sent to the Secretary of War, John H. Eaton and Lewis Cass, and United States Treasury Department. A searchable, full-text version of this volume is available by clicking "Text Version" below. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 7, Correspondence
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1839-1845
Correspondence sent from the Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency in St. Louis, Missouri. The Superintendents of Indian Affairs during this period were Joshua Pilcher, David D. Mitchell, and Thomas H. Harvey. Their correspondence with Indian agents and sub-agencies concerned the disbursement of allotments and annuities, the settling of expenses and treaty stipulations, and the nominations of blacksmiths, interpreters, and farmers for several tribes. A searchable, full-text (PDF) transcription is available under "External Links" below.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 34, Correspondence
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1836-1839
This volume of received correspondence from the Central Indian Superintendency at St. Louis, Missouri, includes holograph copies of letters received primarily from agents providing information about agency operations and contacts with various Indian nations, requests, and answers to questions of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Included in the correspondence are reports of Indian warfare and murders, alcohol abuse, conflicts between employees, the treaty with and emigration of the Potawatomi, supply requisitions, and smallpox. A searchable, full-text version of this volume is available by clicking "Text Version" below. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 20, Accounts
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1822-1825
This volume contains records of current accounts from September 21,1822-September 1,1825 for Indian agents, including Lawrence Taliaferro, Banjamin O'Fallon, Richard Graham, James Latham, Nicholas Bolvin, Thomas Forsyth and Pierre Menard. The expenditures of William Clark (of Lewis and Clark fame) are also included as Clark served as Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Central Superintendency in St. Louis, Missouri. Records were kept for the salaries of the agents and interpreters, transportation costs, gifts, rations, and paid annuities. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 18/19, Property returns and accounts
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1839-1840
These volumes contain records of current accounts and property returns as recorded by the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Joshua Pilcher, at the Central Superintendency in St. Louis, Missouri. Property listed includes office furniture, stationery supplies, and other provisions granted by treaty stipulations. Expenditures are recorded for several sub-agencies, including Fort Leavenworth, Upper Missouri, Council Bluffs, Great Nemaha and Osage River, and the various Indian tribes in each region. These expenditures included salaries for blacksmiths and interpreters and agricultural implements. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 13, Accounts
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1840-1843
This volume contains records of current accounts of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, at St. Louis, Missouri. Joshua Pilcher (1839-1841) and David D. Mitchell (1841-1844) held this position following the death of William Clark (of Lewis and Clark fame) in 1838. Expenditures are recorded for several sub-agencies, including Fort Leavenworth, Upper Missouri, Council Bluffs, Great Nemaha and Osage River, and the various Indian tribes in each region. These expenditures included salaries for blacksmiths and interpreters and agricultural implements. Volumes 12 and 13 are bound together. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 17, Accounts
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1843-1853
This volume contains records of current accounts of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, at St. Louis, Missouri. David D. Mitchell held this position from 1849-1853. Expenditures are recorded for several sub-agencies, including Fort Leavenworth, Upper Missouri, Council Bluffs, Great Nemaha and Osage River, and the various Indian tribes in each region. These expenditures included salaries for blacksmiths and interpreters, annuities, and provisions. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service. Volumes 16 and 17 are bound together.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 15, Accounts
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1844-1849
This volume contains records of current accounts of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, at St. Louis, Missouri. Thomas H. Harvey held this position from 1844-1849. Expenditures are recorded for several sub-agencies, including Fort Leavenworth, Upper Missouri, Council Bluffs, Great Nemaha and Osage River, and the various Indian tribes in each region. These expenditures included salaries for blacksmiths and interpreters, annuities, and provisions. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service. Volumes 14 and 15 are bound together.

United States Office of Indian Affairs, Central Superintendency, St. Louis, Missouri. Volume 1, Field notes
Creator: United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Central Superintendency
Date: 1830-1838
This volume includes field notes and surveys of Indian lands and some treaties made between the U. S. and various Indian tribes (1830-1838). Included are several maps of Indian reservations in Kansas. William Clark (of Lewis and Clark fame) served as Indian Superintendent for the central superintendency until his death in 1838. Partial funding for the digitization of these records was provided by the National Park Service.