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This is a portrait of Sophia Louisa German, who was taken captive with her sisters, Catherine, Julia, and Adelaide, by Cheyenne Indians after their family was killed. Sophia was born on August 1, 1862. On September 11, 1874, the John German family, consisting of his wife and seven children, were attacked by a band of Cheyenne east of Ft. Wallace, Kansas. Only four of the children, Catherine, Sophia, Julia, and Adelaide, were spared and taken captive. The two youngest, Julia and Adelaide (aged 7 and 5), were subsequently abandoned on the prairie in what is now the Texas panhandle. Catherine and Sophia were kept by their Cheyenne captors. Fort Wallace received word of the killings, and began the search to find the girls, and to negotiate their release. They found Julia and Adelaide, who had survived on their own for 6 weeks, and on March 1, 1875, the Cheyennes formally released Sophia and Catherine German at the Darlington Agency in Indian Territory (Oklahoma). The two girls were reunited with their younger sisters, Julia and Adelaide, at Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas in June of 1875.

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Kansas Memory has been created by the Kansas State Historical Society to share its historical collections via the Internet. Read more.

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Kansas State Institution for the Education of the Blind

On April 15, 1817 the first school for the deaf was established in the United States. This illustration from 1868 to 1890 represents the Kansas State Institution for the Education of the Blind. For more information see Governor Samuel Crawford's papers.

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Selected Kansas newspaper titles digitized and available on Chronicling America.
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